Group socket_qos
- group socket_qos
QoS Technologies
QoS settings are available for both Layer 2 and 3 of TCP/IP protocols:
Layer 2: IEEE 802.1p for Ethernet
IEEE 802.1p tagging will mark frames sent by a host for prioritized delivery using a 3-bit Priority field in the virtual local area network (VLAN) header of the Ethernet frame. The VLAN header is placed inside the Ethernet header, between the Source Address field and either the Length field (for an IEEE 802.3 frame) or the EtherType field (for an Ethernet II frame).
Layer 2: WMM
At the Network Interface layer for IEEE 802.11 wireless, the Wi-Fi Alliance certification for Wi-Fi Multimedia (WMM) defines four access categories for prioritizing network traffic. These access categories are (in order of highest to lowest priority) voice, video, best-effort, and background. Host support for WMM prioritization requires that both wireless network adapters and their drivers support WMM. Wireless access points (APs) must have WMM enabled.
Layer 3: DSCP
At the Internet layer, you can use Differentiated Services/Diffserv and set the value of the Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) in the IP header. As defined in RFC 2474, the DSCP value is the high-order 6 bits of the IP version 4 (IPv4) TOS field and the IP version 6 (IPv6) Traffic Class field.
Layer 3: Other
Other mechanisms exist (such as RSVP, IntServ) but this will not be implemented.
QoS Availability
Linux
DSCP is available via IP TOS option.
Ethernet 802.1p tagging is done by setting setsockopt(SO_PRIORITY) option of the socket, then with the set_egress_map option of the vconfig utility to convert this to set vlan-qos field of the packet.
WMM is not known to be available.
Windows and Windows Mobile
(It’s a mess!)
DSCP is settable with setsockopt() on Windows 2000 or older, but Windows would silently ignore this call on WinXP or later, unless administrator modifies the registry. On Windows 2000, Windows XP, and Windows Server 2003, GQoS (Generic QoS) API is the standard API, but this API may not be supported in the future. On Vista and Windows 7, the is a new QoS2 API, also known as Quality Windows Audio-Video Experience (qWAVE).
IEEE 802.1p tagging is available via Traffic Control (TC) API, available on Windows XP SP2, but this needs administrator access. For Vista and later, it’s in qWAVE.
WMM is available for mobile platforms on Windows Mobile 6 platform and Windows Embedded CE 6, via setsockopt(IP_DSCP_TRAFFIC_TYPE). qWAVE supports this as well.
Symbian S60 3rd Ed
Both DSCP and WMM is supported via RSocket::SetOpt() with will set both Layer 2 and Layer 3 QoS settings accordingly. Internally, PJLIB sets the DSCP field of the socket, and based on certain DSCP values mapping, Symbian will set the WMM tag accordingly.
PJLIB’s QoS API Abstraction
Based on the above, the following API is implemented.
Declare the following “standard” traffic types.
typedef enum pj_qos_type { PJ_QOS_TYPE_BEST_EFFORT, PJ_QOS_TYPE_BACKGROUND, PJ_QOS_TYPE_VIDEO, PJ_QOS_TYPE_VOICE, PJ_QOS_TYPE_CONTROL, PJ_QOS_TYPE_SIGNALLING } pj_qos_type;
The traffic classes above will determine how the Layer 2 and 3 QoS settings will be used. The standard mapping between the classes above to the corresponding Layer 2 and 3 settings are as follows:
================================================================= PJLIB Traffic Type IP DSCP WMM 802.1p ----------------------------------------------------------------- BEST_EFFORT 0x00 BE (Bulk Effort) 0 BACKGROUND 0x08 BK (Bulk) 2 VIDEO 0x28 VI (Video) 5 VOICE 0x30 VO (Voice) 6 CONTROL 0x38 VO (Voice) 7 SIGNALLING 0x28 VI (Video) 5 =================================================================
There are two sets of API provided to manipulate the QoS parameters.
Portable API
The first set of API is:
// Set QoS parameters PJ_DECL(pj_status_t) pj_sock_set_qos_type(pj_sock_t sock, pj_qos_type val); // Get QoS parameters PJ_DECL(pj_status_t) pj_sock_get_qos_type(pj_sock_t sock, pj_qos_type *p_val);
The API will set the traffic type according to the DSCP class, for both Layer 2 and Layer 3 QoS settings, where it’s available. If any of the layer QoS setting is not settable, the API will silently ignore it. If both layers are not setable, the API will return error.
The API above is the recommended use of QoS, since it is the most portable across all platforms.
Fine Grained Control API
The second set of API is intended for application that wants to fine tune the QoS parameters.
The Layer 2 and 3 QoS parameters are stored in pj_qos_params structure:
typedef enum pj_qos_flag { PJ_QOS_PARAM_HAS_DSCP = 1, PJ_QOS_PARAM_HAS_SO_PRIO = 2, PJ_QOS_PARAM_HAS_WMM = 4 } pj_qos_flag; typedef enum pj_qos_wmm_prio { PJ_QOS_WMM_PRIO_BULK_EFFORT, PJ_QOS_WMM_PRIO_BULK, PJ_QOS_WMM_PRIO_VIDEO, PJ_QOS_WMM_PRIO_VOICE } pj_qos_wmm_prio; typedef struct pj_qos_params { pj_uint8_t flags; // Determines which values to // set, bitmask of pj_qos_flag pj_uint8_t dscp_val; // The 6 bits DSCP value to set pj_uint8_t so_prio; // SO_PRIORITY value pj_qos_wmm_prio wmm_prio; // WMM priority value } pj_qos_params;
The second set of API with more fine-grained control over the parameters are:
// Retrieve QoS params for the specified traffic type PJ_DECL(pj_status_t) pj_qos_get_params(pj_qos_type type, pj_qos_params *p); // Set QoS parameters to the socket PJ_DECL(pj_status_t) pj_sock_set_qos_params(pj_sock_t sock, const pj_qos_params *p); // Get QoS parameters from the socket PJ_DECL(pj_status_t) pj_sock_get_qos_params(pj_sock_t sock, pj_qos_params *p);
Important:
The pj_sock_set/get_qos_params() APIs are not portable, and it’s probably only going to be implemented on Linux. Application should always try to use pj_sock_set_qos_type() instead.
Enums
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enum pj_qos_type
High level traffic classification.
Values:
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enumerator PJ_QOS_TYPE_BEST_EFFORT
Best effort traffic (default value). Any QoS function calls with specifying this value are effectively no-op
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enumerator PJ_QOS_TYPE_BACKGROUND
Background traffic.
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enumerator PJ_QOS_TYPE_VIDEO
Video traffic.
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enumerator PJ_QOS_TYPE_VOICE
Voice traffic.
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enumerator PJ_QOS_TYPE_CONTROL
Control traffic.
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enumerator PJ_QOS_TYPE_SIGNALLING
Signalling traffic.
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enumerator PJ_QOS_TYPE_BEST_EFFORT
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enum pj_qos_flag
Bitmask flag to indicate which QoS layer setting is set in the flags field of the pj_qos_params structure.
Values:
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enumerator PJ_QOS_PARAM_HAS_DSCP
DSCP field is set.
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enumerator PJ_QOS_PARAM_HAS_SO_PRIO
Socket SO_PRIORITY
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enumerator PJ_QOS_PARAM_HAS_WMM
WMM field is set.
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enumerator PJ_QOS_PARAM_HAS_DSCP
Functions
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pj_status_t pj_sock_set_qos_type(pj_sock_t sock, pj_qos_type type)
This is the high level and portable API to enable QoS on the specified socket, by setting the traffic type to the specified parameter.
- Parameters:
sock – The socket.
type – Traffic type to be set.
- Returns:
PJ_SUCCESS if at least Layer 2 or Layer 3 setting is successfully set. If both Layer 2 and Layer 3 settings can’t be set, this function will return error.
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pj_status_t pj_sock_get_qos_type(pj_sock_t sock, pj_qos_type *p_type)
This is the high level and portable API to get the traffic type that has been set on the socket. On occasions where the Layer 2 or Layer 3 settings were modified by using low level API, this function may return approximation of the closest QoS type that matches the settings.
- Parameters:
sock – The socket.
p_type – Pointer to receive the traffic type of the socket.
- Returns:
PJ_SUCCESS if traffic type for the socket can be obtained or approximated..
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pj_status_t pj_sock_apply_qos(pj_sock_t sock, pj_qos_type qos_type, pj_qos_params *qos_params, unsigned log_level, const char *log_sender, const char *sock_name)
This is a convenience function to apply QoS to the socket, and print error logging if the operations failed. Both QoS traffic type and the low level QoS parameters can be applied with this function.
See also
- Parameters:
sock – The socket handle.
qos_type – QoS traffic type. The QoS traffic type will be applied only if the value is not PJ_QOS_TYPE_BEST_EFFORT,
qos_params – Optional low-level QoS parameters. This will be applied only if this argument is not NULL and the flags inside the structure is non-zero. Upon return, the flags will indicate which parameters have been applied successfully.
log_level – This function will print to log at this level upon encountering errors.
log_sender – Optional sender name in the log.
sock_name – Optional name to help identify the socket in the log.
- Returns:
PJ_SUCCESS if at least Layer 2 or Layer 3 setting is successfully set. If both Layer 2 and Layer 3 settings can’t be set, this function will return error.
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pj_status_t pj_sock_apply_qos2(pj_sock_t sock, pj_qos_type qos_type, const pj_qos_params *qos_params, unsigned log_level, const char *log_sender, const char *sock_name)
Variant of pj_sock_apply_qos() where the qos_params parameter is const.
See also
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pj_status_t pj_qos_get_params(pj_qos_type type, pj_qos_params *p_param)
Retrieve the standard mapping of QoS params for the specified traffic type.
- Parameters:
type – The traffic type from which the QoS parameters are to be retrieved.
p_param – Pointer to receive the QoS parameters.
- Returns:
PJ_SUCCESS on success or the appropriate error code.
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pj_status_t pj_qos_get_type(const pj_qos_params *param, pj_qos_type *p_type)
Retrieve the traffic type that matches the specified QoS parameters. If no exact matching is found, this function will return an approximation of the closest matching traffic type for the specified QoS parameters.
- Parameters:
param – Structure containing QoS parameters to map into “standard” traffic types.
p_type – Pointer to receive the traffic type.
- Returns:
PJ_SUCCESS on success or the appropriate error code.
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pj_status_t pj_sock_set_qos_params(pj_sock_t sock, pj_qos_params *param)
This is a low level API to set QoS parameters to the socket.
- Parameters:
sock – The socket.
param – Structure containing QoS parameters to be applied to the socket. Upon return, the flags field of this structure will be set with bitmask value indicating which QoS settings have successfully been applied to the socket.
- Returns:
PJ_SUCCESS if at least one field setting has been successfully set. If no setting can’t be set, this function will return error.
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pj_status_t pj_sock_get_qos_params(pj_sock_t sock, pj_qos_params *p_param)
This is a low level API to get QoS parameters from the socket.
- Parameters:
sock – The socket.
p_param – Pointer to receive the parameters. Upon returning successfully, the flags field of this structure will be initialized with the appropriate bitmask to indicate which fields have been successfully retrieved.
- Returns:
PJ_SUCCESS on success or the appropriate error code.
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struct pj_qos_params
- #include <sock_qos.h>
QoS parameters to be set or retrieved to/from the socket.
Public Members
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pj_uint8_t flags
Determines which values to set, bitmask of pj_qos_flag
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pj_uint8_t dscp_val
The 6 bits DSCP value to set
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pj_uint8_t so_prio
SO_PRIORITY value
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pj_qos_wmm_prio wmm_prio
WMM priority value
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pj_uint8_t flags
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enum pj_qos_type